tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-47505397249558880362024-02-08T07:24:48.715-08:00SAVE THE PEACOCK - NATIONAL BIRD OF INDIANaresh Kadyanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08419516306288297445noreply@blogger.comBlogger1125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4750539724955888036.post-56061562888220273592008-03-02T02:55:00.000-08:002008-03-02T02:58:00.781-08:00<h1 class="firstHeading">Peafowl</h1> <h3 id="siteSub">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</h3> <div id="contentSub"> <br /></div><table class="infobox biota" style="padding: 2.5px; text-align: center; width: 200px;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align: center;"> <th style="background: rgb(255, 192, 203) none repeat scroll 0% 50%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;">Peafowl</th> </tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Peacock_front02_-_melbourne_zoo.jpg" class="image" title="Indian Blue Peacock"><img alt="Indian Blue Peacock" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Peacock_front02_-_melbourne_zoo.jpg/250px-Peacock_front02_-_melbourne_zoo.jpg" border="0" height="375" width="250" /></a><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><small>Indian Blue Peacock</small></div> </td> </tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th style="background: rgb(255, 192, 203) none repeat scroll 0% 50%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_classification" title="Scientific classification">Scientific classification</a></th> </tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <td> <table style="margin: 0pt auto; background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 50%; text-align: left; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;" cellpadding="2"> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <td>Kingdom:</td> <td><span class="kingdom"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a></span><br /></td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Phylum:</td> <td><span class="phylum"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a></span><br /></td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Class:</td> <td><span class="taxoclass"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bird" title="Bird">Aves</a></span><br /></td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Order:</td> <td><span class="order"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galliformes" title="Galliformes">Galliformes</a></span><br /></td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Family:</td> <td><span class="family"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phasianidae" title="Phasianidae">Phasianidae</a></span><br /></td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Genus:</td> <td><span class="genus"><i><b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavo_%28genus%29" title="Pavo (genus)">Pavo</a></b></i><br /><small><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolus_Linnaeus" class="mw-redirect" title="Carolus Linnaeus">Linnaeus</a>, 1785</small></span><br /></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> </tr> <tr style="background: rgb(255, 192, 203) none repeat scroll 0% 50%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;"> <th>Species</th> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding: 0pt 0.5em; text-align: left;"> <p><i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavo_cristatus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pavo cristatus">Pavo cristatus</a></i><br /><i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavo_muticus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pavo muticus">Pavo muticus</a></i><br /></p> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p>The term <b>peafowl</b> can refer to the two <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species" title="Species">species</a> of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bird" title="Bird">bird</a> in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genus" title="Genus">genus</a> <i><b>Pavo</b></i> of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pheasant" title="Pheasant">pheasant</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_%28biology%29" title="Family (biology)">family</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phasianidae" title="Phasianidae">Phasianidae</a>. The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">African</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congo_Peafowl" title="Congo Peafowl">Congo Peafowl</a> is placed in its own genus <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afropavo" class="mw-redirect" title="Afropavo">Afropavo</a> and is not dealt with here. Peafowl are best known for the male's extravagant <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tail" title="Tail">tail</a>, which it displays as part of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Courtship" title="Courtship">courtship</a>. The male is called a <b>peacock</b>, the female a <b>peahen</b><sup id="_ref-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peacock#_note-0" title="">[1]</a></sup>, though it is common to hear the female also referred to as a "peacock" or "female peacock". The female peafowl is brown or toned grey and brown.</p> <p>The two species are:</p> <ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Peafowl" title="Indian Peafowl">Indian Peafowl</a>, <i>Pavo cristatus</i> (Asiatic)</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Peafowl" title="Green Peafowl">Green Peafowl</a>, <i>Pavo muticus</i> (Asiatic)</li></ul> <p>The <b>Indian Peafowl</b> is a resident breeder in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a>. The peacock is designated as the national bird of India.</p> <table id="toc" class="toc" summary="Contents"><tbody><tr><td> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ if (window.showTocToggle) { var tocShowText = "show"; var tocHideText = "hide"; showTocToggle(); } //]]> </script> <p>The <b>Green Peafowl</b> breeds from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burma" title="Burma">Burma</a> east to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_%28island%29" class="mw-redirect" title="Java (island)">Java</a>. The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IUCN" class="mw-redirect" title="IUCN">IUCN</a> lists the Green Peafowl as vulnerable to extinction due to hunting and a reduction in extent and quality of habitat.<br /> <span class="mw-headline">Taxonomy</span></p> <p>The Indian Peafowl is <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monotypic" title="Monotypic">monotypic</a>, while the Green Peafowl has 3 subspecies, <i>P. muticus spicifer</i>, <i>P. m imperator</i> and the nominate <i>P. m. muticus</i>.<sup id="_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peacock#_note-1" title="">[2]</a></sup></p> <p>The two species are largely <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allopatric" class="mw-redirect" title="Allopatric">allopatric</a> but will hybridise in captivity.</p> <p>While the form of Green Peafowl in Yunnan is not separated taxonomically, it differs in a few aspects from other forms, particularly in its forest-dwelling habits, an "odd, monal-like bill", a curiously long hind toe and longer, more slender wings (K. B. Woods in litt. 2000) <sup id="_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peacock#_note-2" title="">[3]</a></sup>. Some have suggested this is a new subspecies.</p> <p>Some pheasant breeders have suggested that the Green Peafowl may have more subspecies.<sup id="_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peacock#_note-3" title="">[4]</a></sup><sup id="_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peacock#_note-4" title="">[5]</a></sup></p> <p>Peafowl have sometimes been included in a distinct family from Pheasants <sup id="_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peacock#_note-5" title="">[6]</a></sup>.</p> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width: 252px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Green_Peafowl_Male.jpg" class="image" title="Green Peafowl"><img alt="Green Peafowl" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6a/Green_Peafowl_Male.jpg/250px-Green_Peafowl_Male.jpg" class="thumbimage" border="0" height="167" width="250" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Green_Peafowl_Male.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://en.wikipedia.org/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="" height="11" width="15" /></a></div> Green Peafowl</div> </div> </div> <p><a name="Plumage" id="Plumage"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Plumage</span></h2> <p>The male (peacock) Indian Peafowl has iridescent blue-green or green coloured plumage. The so-called "tail" of the peacock, also termed the "train", is not the tail quill feathers but highly elongated upper tail <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covert_feather" class="mw-redirect" title="Covert feather">coverts</a>. The train feathers have a series of eyes that are best seen when the tail is fanned. Both species have a head crest.</p> <p>The female (peahen) Indian Peafowl has a mixture of dull green, brown, and grey in her plumage. She lacks the long upper tail coverts of the male but has a crest. Females can also display their plumage to ward off danger to their young or other female competition.</p> <p>The Green Peafowl is very different in appearance to the Indian Peafowl. The male has green and gold plumage and has an erect crest. The wings are black with a sheen of blue.</p> <p>Unlike the Indian Peafowl, the Green Peahen is very similar to the male, only having shorter upper tail coverts and less iridesence. It is very hard to tell a juvenile male from an adult female.</p> <p>Many of the brilliant colours of the peacock plumage are due to an optical <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interference" title="Interference">interference</a> phenomenon (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bragg_reflection" class="mw-redirect" title="Bragg reflection">Bragg reflection</a>) based on (nearly) periodic nanostructures found in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbule" title="Barbule">barbules</a> (fiber-like components) of the feathers.</p> <p>Different colours correspond to different length scales of the periodic structures. For brown feathers, a mixture of red and blue is required: one color is created by the periodic structure, and the other is a created by a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabry-Perot_interferometer" class="mw-redirect" title="Fabry-Perot interferometer">Fabry-Perot interference</a> peak from reflections off the outermost and innermost boundaries of the periodic structure.</p> <p>Such interference-based <i>structural color</i> is especially important in producing the peacock's iridescent hues (which shimmer and change with viewing angle), since interference effects depend upon the angle of light, unlike chemical pigments.</p> <p><a name="Behaviour" id="Behaviour"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Behaviour</span></h2> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width: 252px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Peacock_rear_-_melbourne_zoo.jpg" class="image" title="A rear view of an Indian Blue Peacock's tail feathers"><img alt="A rear view of an Indian Blue Peacock's tail feathers" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Peacock_rear_-_melbourne_zoo.jpg/250px-Peacock_rear_-_melbourne_zoo.jpg" class="thumbimage" border="0" height="375" width="250" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Peacock_rear_-_melbourne_zoo.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://en.wikipedia.org/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="" height="11" width="15" /></a></div> A rear view of an Indian Blue Peacock's tail feathers</div> </div> </div> <p>The peafowl are forest birds that nest on the ground. The <i>Pavo</i> peafowl are terrestrial feeders but roost in trees.</p> <p>Both species of Peafowl are believed to be <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polygamous" class="mw-redirect" title="Polygamous">polygamous</a>. However, it has been suggested that "females" entering a male Green Peafowl's territory <sup id="_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peacock#_note-6" title="">[7]</a></sup> are really his own juvenile or subadult young (K. B. Woods in litt. 2000) and that Green Peafowl are really monogamous in the wild. The male peacock flares out its feathers when it is trying to get the females attention <span id=".7B.7B.7Bref.7D.7D.7D" class="citation">{{{author}}}, <i>{{{title}}}</i>, [[{{{publisher}}}]], [[{{{date}}}]].</span>. Those who subscribe to this notion cite the similarities between the sexes.</p> <p>During mating season they will often emit a very loud high pitched cry.</p> <p><a name="Diet" id="Diet"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Diet</span></h2> <p>Peafowl are omnivorous and eat plant parts, flower petals, seed heads, insects and other arthropods, reptiles, and amphibians.</p> <p>In common with other members of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galliformes" title="Galliformes">Galliformes</a>, males possess metatarsal spurs or "thorns" used primarily during <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intraspecific_antagonism" title="Intraspecific antagonism">intraspecific</a> fights.</p> <p><a name="Habitat" id="Habitat"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span> <span class="mw-headline">Habitat</span></h2> <p>Asiatic peafowl like the Indian Blue Peafowl and especially the Green Peafowl occupy a similar niche as the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geococcyx" title="Geococcyx">roadrunners</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secretary_bird" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary bird">secretary bird</a>, and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seriema" title="Seriema">seriema</a>. All of these birds hunt for small animals including <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthropod" title="Arthropod">arthropods</a> on the ground and tall grass and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minnow" title="Minnow">minnows</a> in shallow streams.</p> <p>Because of human encroachment into their natural territories, peafowl and humans have come into increasing contact. Because of their natural beauty some are reluctant to classify the birds as pests but their presence can be disturbing.</p> <p><a name="Peafowl_as_national_symbols" id="Peafowl_as_national_symbols"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span> <span class="mw-headline">Peafowl as national symbols</span></h2> <p>The Peacock has been used by many nations as a national symbol.</p> <ul><li>The Peacock is the national bird of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>.</li></ul> <ul><li>Though the national bird of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burma" title="Burma">Burma</a> is the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grey_Peacock-pheasant" title="Grey Peacock-pheasant">Grey Peacock-pheasant</a>, the Peacock is still a prominent symbol of Burma. The Dancing Peacock (the Peacock in courtship or in display of his feathers) was numerously featured in Burma monarchic flags as well as other nationalist symbols in the country such as coins, medals and emblems<sup id="_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peacock#_note-7" title="">[8]</a></sup>. Early 20th century Burma banknotes also featured Peacocks<sup id="_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peacock#_note-8" title="">[9]</a></sup>. The Fighting Peacock, as symbolic representation, is also associated with decades long democratic struggle against military dictatorship in the country. The latter closely resembles a Green Peafowl, as it has a tufted crest.</li></ul> <p><a name="Gallery" id="Gallery"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Gallery</span></h2> <p><a name="Indian_Peafowl" id="Indian_Peafowl"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span> <span class="mw-headline">Indian Peafowl</span></h3> <table class="gallery" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px;"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 28px 0pt; width: 150px;"> <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 120px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:PeacockHead.jpg" class="image" title="PeacockHead.jpg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/PeacockHead.jpg/120px-PeacockHead.jpg" border="0" height="90" width="120" /></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <p>An Indian Blue Peacock's head</p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px;"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 28px 0pt; width: 150px;"> <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 120px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Peacock_00782.jpg" class="image" title="Peacock 00782.jpg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Peacock_00782.jpg/120px-Peacock_00782.jpg" border="0" height="90" width="120" /></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <p>Shot of a white peacock</p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px;"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 18px 0pt; width: 150px;"> <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 120px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Peacock_courting_peahen.jpg" class="image" title="Peacock courting peahen.jpg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Peacock_courting_peahen.jpg/120px-Peacock_courting_peahen.jpg" border="0" height="110" width="120" /></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <p>An Indian Blue Peacock courts a peahen</p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px;"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 28px 0pt; width: 150px;"> <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 120px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Peahen_on_Saint_Thomas%2C_United_States_Virgin_Islands.jpg" class="image" title="Peahen on Saint Thomas, United States Virgin Islands.jpg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Peahen_on_Saint_Thomas%2C_United_States_Virgin_Islands.jpg/120px-Peahen_on_Saint_Thomas%2C_United_States_Virgin_Islands.jpg" border="0" height="90" width="120" /></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <p>An Indian Blue Peahen showing her plumage</p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px;"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 28px 0pt; width: 150px;"> <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 120px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:040411.JPG" class="image" title="040411.JPG"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/040411.JPG/120px-040411.JPG" border="0" height="90" width="120" /></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <p>Closeup of an Indian Blue Peacock's head</p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px;"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 23px 0pt; width: 150px;"> <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 120px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Peacock_DSC04082.jpg" class="image" title="Peacock DSC04082.jpg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Peacock_DSC04082.jpg/120px-Peacock_DSC04082.jpg" border="0" height="100" width="120" /></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <p>When it is not in display, the long train rests on the ground and hampers the movements of the peacock</p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px;"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 28px 0pt; width: 150px;"> <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 120px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Dscn08507wr.jpg" class="image" title="Dscn08507wr.jpg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/2a/Dscn08507wr.jpg/120px-Dscn08507wr.jpg" border="0" height="90" width="120" /></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <p>The Black-Shouldered Peacock was once thought to be a distinct subspecies, but is now considered a color mutation</p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px;"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 28px 0pt; width: 150px;"> <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 120px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:White_peacock.jpg" class="image" title="White peacock.jpg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/0c/White_peacock.jpg/120px-White_peacock.jpg" border="0" height="90" width="120" /></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <p>A white peacock showing off his plumage</p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px;"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 13px 0pt; width: 150px;"> <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 120px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Male_Indian_Blue_Peacock_head.jpg" class="image" title="Male Indian Blue Peacock head.jpg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/76/Male_Indian_Blue_Peacock_head.jpg/118px-Male_Indian_Blue_Peacock_head.jpg" border="0" height="120" width="118" /></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <p>The head of a male Indian Blue Peacock</p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px;"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 28px 0pt; width: 150px;"> <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 120px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:178279581_2b22d77351.jpg" class="image" title="178279581 2b22d77351.jpg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/47/178279581_2b22d77351.jpg/120px-178279581_2b22d77351.jpg" border="0" height="90" width="120" /></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <p>Male Indian Blue Peacock at Grounds For Sculpture in Trenton, NJ</p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px;"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 27px 0pt; width: 150px;"> <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 120px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Bottom_of_plate_CXLII_from_1st_Encyclopaedia_Britannica.jpg" class="image" title="Bottom of plate CXLII from 1st Encyclopaedia Britannica.jpg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6a/Bottom_of_plate_CXLII_from_1st_Encyclopaedia_Britannica.jpg/120px-Bottom_of_plate_CXLII_from_1st_Encyclopaedia_Britannica.jpg" border="0" height="92" width="120" /></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <p>Indian Blue Peacocks as illustrated in the First Edition of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px;"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 13px 0pt; width: 150px;"> <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 120px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Charles_d%27Orbigney00.jpg" class="image" title="Charles d'Orbigney00.jpg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Charles_d%27Orbigney00.jpg/78px-Charles_d%27Orbigney00.jpg" border="0" height="119" width="78" /></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <p>by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Charles_d%27Orbigney&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles d'Orbigney (page does not exist)">Charles d'Orbigney</a> (1806–1876)</p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px;"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 33px 0pt; width: 150px;"> <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 120px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Peacock-rtisbute-steven-viemeister-1.jpg" class="image" title="Peacock-rtisbute-steven-viemeister-1.jpg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c0/Peacock-rtisbute-steven-viemeister-1.jpg/120px-Peacock-rtisbute-steven-viemeister-1.jpg" border="0" height="79" width="120" /></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <p>A white peacock domesticated in Mexico.</p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p><a name="Green_Peafowl" id="Green_Peafowl"></a></p> <h3><span class="editsection"></span> <span class="mw-headline">Green Peafowl</span></h3> <table class="gallery" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px;"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 28px 0pt; width: 150px;"> <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 120px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Pavo_muticus1.jpg" class="image" title="Pavo muticus1.jpg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Pavo_muticus1.jpg/120px-Pavo_muticus1.jpg" border="0" height="90" width="120" /></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <p>Male</p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px;"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 28px 0pt; width: 150px;"> <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 120px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Pavo_muticus2.jpg" class="image" title="Pavo muticus2.jpg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Pavo_muticus2.jpg/120px-Pavo_muticus2.jpg" border="0" height="90" width="120" /></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <p>Female</p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px;"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 13px 0pt; width: 150px;"> <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 120px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Pavo_muticus3.jpg" class="image" title="Pavo muticus3.jpg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Pavo_muticus3.jpg/84px-Pavo_muticus3.jpg" border="0" height="120" width="84" /></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <p>Close-up of a female's head</p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px;"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 28px 0pt; width: 150px;"> <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 120px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Stavenn_Pavo_muticus_01.jpg" class="image" title="Stavenn Pavo muticus 01.jpg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Stavenn_Pavo_muticus_01.jpg/120px-Stavenn_Pavo_muticus_01.jpg" border="0" height="90" width="120" /></a></div> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px;"> <div class="thumb" style="padding: 33px 0pt; width: 150px;"> <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 120px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Frankyboy_Pavo_muticus.JPG" class="image" title="Frankyboy Pavo muticus.JPG"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/37/Frankyboy_Pavo_muticus.JPG/120px-Frankyboy_Pavo_muticus.JPG" border="0" height="80" width="120" /></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <p><i>Pavo muticus muticus</i></p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p><a name="See_also" id="See_also"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">See also</span></h2> <div class="infobox sisterproject"> <div class="floatleft"><span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Commons-logo.svg" class="image" title="Commons-logo.svg"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/50px-Commons-logo.svg.png" border="0" height="67" width="50" /></a></span></div> <div style="margin-left: 60px;">Wikimedia Commons has media related to: <div style="margin-left: 10px;"><i><b><a href="http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Peacock" class="extiw" title="commons:Peacock">peafowl</a></b></i></div> </div> </div> <ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congo_Peafowl" title="Congo Peafowl">Congo Peafowl</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Peafowl" title="Green Peafowl">Green Peafowl</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Peafowl" title="Indian Peafowl">Indian Peafowl</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handicap_principle" title="Handicap principle">Handicap principle</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tournament_species" class="mw-redirect" title="Tournament species">Tournament species</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argus_Panoptes" title="Argus Panoptes">Argus Panoptes</a></li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NBC_logos" title="NBC logos">NBC logos</a></li></ul> <p><a name="References" id="References"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span> <span class="mw-headline">References</span></h2> <div class="references-small" style="-moz-column-count: 2;"> <ol class="references"><li id="_note-0"><b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peacock#_ref-0" title="">^</a></b> <a href="http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9058859/peacock" class="external free" title="http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9058859/peacock" rel="nofollow">http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9058859/peacock</a></li><li id="_note-1"><b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peacock#_ref-1" title="">^</a></b> Madge, S. and P. McGowan (2002) Pheasants, Partridges and Grouse <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Booksources&isbn=0713639660" class="internal">ISBN 0-7136-3966-0</a></li><li id="_note-2"><b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peacock#_ref-2" title="">^</a></b> <a href="http://www.rdb.or.id/view_html.php?id=223&op=pavomuti" class="external autonumber" title="http://www.rdb.or.id/view_html.php?id=223&op=pavomuti" rel="nofollow">[1]</a></li><li id="_note-3"><b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peacock#_ref-3" title="">^</a></b> <a href="http://www.pavo-muticus-muticus.de/english/" class="external autonumber" title="http://www.pavo-muticus-muticus.de/english/" rel="nofollow">[2]</a></li><li id="_note-4"><b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peacock#_ref-4" title="">^</a></b> <a href="http://wwwuser.gwdg.de/%7Eipfeiff/Publikation.pdf" class="external text" title="http://wwwuser.gwdg.de/~ipfeiff/Publikation.pdf" rel="nofollow">PDF in German</a></li><li id="_note-5"><b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peacock#_ref-5" title="">^</a></b> <a href="http://www.wpadeutschland.de/index3.html" class="external autonumber" title="http://www.wpadeutschland.de/index3.html" rel="nofollow">[3]</a></li><li id="_note-6"><b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peacock#_ref-6" title="">^</a></b> <a href="http://kickingthorn.com/v-web/gallery/Pavo-spicifer-spicifer/Vorawan_family_unit" class="external autonumber" title="http://kickingthorn.com/v-web/gallery/Pavo-spicifer-spicifer/Vorawan_family_unit" rel="nofollow">[4]</a></li><li id="_note-7"><b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peacock#_ref-7" title="">^</a></b> <a href="http://www.myanmars.net/myanmar/myanmar-flag-emblem.htm" class="external text" title="http://www.myanmars.net/myanmar/myanmar-flag-emblem.htm" rel="nofollow">Burma flag and emblems</a></li><li id="_note-8"><b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peacock#_ref-8" title="">^</a></b> <a href="http://www.katespapermoney.co.uk/item.asp?ID=5759" class="external text" title="http://www.katespapermoney.co.uk/item.asp?ID=5759" rel="nofollow">Kate's paper money: Burma</a></li></ol> </div> <p><a name="External_links" id="External_links"></a></p> <h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">External links</span></h2> <div class="infobox sisterproject" style="float: right;"> <div style="float: left;"> <div class="floatnone"><span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Wiktionary-logo-en.png" class="image" title="Wiktionary-logo-en.png"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Wiktionary-logo-en.png/49px-Wiktionary-logo-en.png" border="0" height="53" width="49" /></a></span></div> </div> <div style="margin-left: 60px;">Look up <i><b><a href="http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/peafowl" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Special:Search/peafowl">Peafowl</a></b></i> in<br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiktionary" title="Wiktionary">Wiktionary</a>, the free dictionary.</div> </div> <ul><li><a href="http://www.poultrybid.com/" class="external text" title="http://www.poultrybid.com" rel="nofollow">Free online Peafowl and poultry auction site</a></li><li><a href="http://www.peafowl-farm.com/" class="external text" title="http://www.peafowl-farm.com" rel="nofollow">Private peacock site</a></li><li><a href="http://www.zoonomen.net/avtax/gall.html" class="external text" title="http://www.zoonomen.net/avtax/gall.html" rel="nofollow">Zoonomen - Zoological Nomenclature Resource</a> — World Birds Taxonomic List as of 2006-09-26</li><li><a href="http://database.amyspeacockparadise.com/" class="external text" title="http://database.amyspeacockparadise.com/" rel="nofollow">Peafowl Varieties Database</a></li><li><a href="http://www.gamebird.com/peacock.html" class="external text" title="http://www.gamebird.com/peacock.html" rel="nofollow">The Peacock Pages: All About Peacocks!</a>, An article by Lisa Johnson from the <i>Game Bird and Conservationists' Gazette</i> — Aspects of the cultural role of peafowl and their place in aviculture.</li><li><a href="http://www.peafowl.org/ARTICLES/index.htm" class="external text" title="http://www.peafowl.org/ARTICLES/index.htm" rel="nofollow">United Peafowl Association Knowledge Base</a></li><li><a href="http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2005/05/31/eveningnews/main698813.shtml" class="external text" title="http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2005/05/31/eveningnews/main698813.shtml" rel="nofollow">"Peacocks Swarm Couple's Florida Home"</a> — <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feral" title="Feral">Feral</a> peafowls became pests for one <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> couple in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005" title="2005">2005</a>, a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a> Evening News story</li><li><a href="http://www.ci.arcadia.ca.us/docs/peacock_pamphlet_for_website._pdf.pdf" class="external text" title="http://www.ci.arcadia.ca.us/docs/peacock_pamphlet_for_website._pdf.pdf" rel="nofollow">Peafowl in Arcadia, Living With Arcadia's Wild Birds</a>, a pamphlet by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcadia%2C_California" title="Arcadia, California">City of Arcadia, California</a> (pdf)</li><li>"Behavioural Ecologists Elucidated How Peahens Choose Their Mates, And Why", an article at <a href="http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2005/08/050814172316.htm" class="external text" title="http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2005/08/050814172316.htm" rel="nofollow">ScienceDaily.com</a></li><li>Peafowl videos on the <a href="http://ibc.hbw.com/ibc/phtml/familia.phtml?idFamilia=38" class="external text" title="http://ibc.hbw.com/ibc/phtml/familia.phtml?idFamilia=38" rel="nofollow">Internet Bird Collection</a></li><li><a href="http://www.takeourword.com/Issue070.html" class="external text" title="http://www.takeourword.com/Issue070.html" rel="nofollow">Peacock</a> — Etymology of the word</li></ul>Naresh Kadyanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08419516306288297445noreply@blogger.com0